<b>高效解析Linux系统中配置Apache服务‎</b>[服务器安全]

本文主要讲授在Linux系统中配置Apache服务,此中包含查抄htpasswd帐户文件,查看htpasswd的利用办法,成立Nagios的网页拜候,备份Apache服务的主配置文等知识.

学习Linux系统服务时,你大概会碰到多种问题,这里将介绍在Linux系统中配置Apache服务问题的办理办法,在这里拿出来和大家分享一下.

1.备份Apache服务的主配置文件



[root@KCentOS5C ~]# cp /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf.backup

2.Linux系统中配置Apache服务的主配置文件

[root@KCentOS5C ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

这里主要窜改以下这些参数:

ServerName *:80

配置Apache的服务器名,假若有域名的话请填写精确的服务器名.

Include conf.d/*.conf (/etc/httpd/conf.d)

确认Apache扩大配置文件的存放途径.

3.查看Nagios网页配置模板文件

[root@KCentOS5C ~]# less nagios-2.9/sample-config/httpd.conf

# SAMPLE CONFIG SNIPPETS FOR APACHE WEB SERVER

# Last Modified: 11-26-2005

#

# This file contains examples of entries that need

# to be incorporated into your Apache web server

# configuration file. Customize the paths, etc. as

# needed to fit your system.

#setting for nagios

ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin "/usr/local/nagios/sbin" ###设定了Nagios的CGI履行目录对应的系统途径.

# SSLRequireSSL

Options ExecCGI

AllowOverride None

Order allow,deny

Allow from all

# Order deny,allow

# Deny from all

# Allow from 127.0.0.1

AuthName "Nagios Access"

AuthType Basic

AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.user ###这里指定了拜候用户帐户库文件.

Require valid-user

Alias /nagios "/usr/local/nagios/share" ###设定了Nagios的网页URL对应的系统途径.

# SSLRequireSSL

Options None

AllowOverride None

Order allow,deny

Allow from all

# Order deny,allow

# Deny from all

# Allow from 127.0.0.1

AuthName "Nagios Access"

AuthType Basic

AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.user ###这里指定了拜候用户帐户库文件

Require valid-user

{######将#setting for nagios --这一段加到/usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf的末尾.

用/usr/local/apache/bin/apachctl configtest 检测配置 --help查看##########}

基本上这个文件可以直接利用.按照这个配置文件中指定的AuthUserFile项,它指定的是通过Apache拜候Nagios的合理用户的帐户名单库文件,需求利用htpasswd号令对这个名单库举行用户的增添.而默许安装环境下在/usr/local/nagios/etc/目录下是没有htpasswd.user这个文件的,所以需求手动增添.请分外注意,用root身份成立的htpasswd.user文件的权限问题,应当在成立该文件完毕后当即更改成nagios用户nagios组的全部权,并且要增添Nagios同组用户读写权限.4.整合Nagios网页配置文件到Apache中

将Nagios网页配置文件作为Apache的扩大配置文件复制改名到Apache的扩大配置文件目录/etc/httpd/conf.d/目录下

[root@KCentOS5C ~]# cp nagios-2.9/sample-config/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/nagios-httpd.conf



5.成立Nagios的网页拜候用户帐户文件(这里必必要与Nagios网页配置文件当中AuthUserFile指定的途径文件名一致)

[root@KCentOS5C ~]# touch /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.user

6.更改Nagios网页拜候用户帐户文件的属主

[root@KCentOS5C ~]# chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.user

7.对Nagios网页拜候用户帐户文件增添同构成员读写权限(这主如果赋给apache这个系统用户)

[root@KCentOS5C ~]# chmod g+wr /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.user

8.察看Nagios网页拜候用户帐户文件的属性信息

[root@KCentOS5C ~]# ll /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.user

-rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios 0 Oct 5 14:05 /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.user

9.增添htpasswd.user用户

我增添了一个kanecruise用户,口令是123456.

[root@KCentOS5C ~]# htpasswd -m /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.user kanecruise

New password: 123456

Re-type new password: 123456

Adding password for user kanecruise

10.查看htpasswd的利用办法,这里我就注释一些对比重要和常用的.

[root@KCentOS5C ~]# htpasswd

Usage:

htpasswd [-cmdpsD] passwordfile username

htpasswd -b[cmdpsD] passwordfile username password

htpasswd -n[mdps] username

htpasswd -nb[mdps] username password

◆-c Create a new file.

成立新的帐户库文件.

◆-n Don't update file; display results on stdout.

◆-m Force MD5 encryption of the password.

增添一个MD5口令加密的新用户.

◆-d Force CRYPT encryption of the password (default).

◆-p Do not encrypt the password (plaintext).

增添一个口令不加密的新用户.

◆-s Force SHA encryption of the password.

增添一个SHA口令加密的新用户.

◆-b Use the password from the command line rather than prompting for it.

◆-D Delete the specified user.

删除一个指定的用户